In patient assessment, what does the acronym ABC stand for?

The acronym ABC in patient assessment stands for Airway, Breathing, and Circulation. This sequence is fundamental in the practice of emergency care and nursing, emphasizing the priority of establishing and maintaining a clear airway, ensuring that breathing is effective, and checking circulation to ensure that blood is flowing adequately throughout the body.

These components are critical in assessing a patient's immediate needs, particularly in emergency situations where life-threatening conditions may arise. Ensuring a patent airway is the first priority, as obstructed airways can lead to hypoxia and loss of consciousness. Next, the focus on breathing involves assessing the effectiveness of ventilation and oxygenation. Lastly, evaluating circulation includes checking for pulses, skin color, and blood pressure to determine if the heart is effectively pumping blood.

Understanding this sequence helps healthcare providers prioritize interventions and stabilize patients, making it an essential part of initial patient assessment in medical-surgical nursing.